Modern Operating Systems(3rd)

A modem computer consists of one or more processors, some main memory,
disks, printers, a keyboard, a mouse, a display, network interfaces, and various
other input/output devices. All in all, a complex system. If every application programmer
had to understand how all these things work in detail, no code would
ever get written. Furthermore, managing all these components and using them
optimally is an exceedingly challenging job. For this reason, computers are
equipped with a layer of software called the operating system, whose job is to
provide user programs with a better, simpler, cleaner, model of the computer and
to handle managing all the resources just mentioned. These...